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Availability of culture and susceptibility data appears to be inconsistent but is expected to improve when the National Tuberculosis Central Laboratory is moved on site at NRCID.

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Diagnosis is made by clinical symptoms, chest x-ray, Mantoux skin test, and positive acid-fast smears of clinical specimens. Divided by separate floors into pediatric, adult, and surgical units, the TB hospital houses approximately 230 patients and serves as the primary referral and treatment center for Mongolia. The third consists of recently published reports dealing with infectious diseases and public health issues in Mongolia during the past 10 years and identified through Medline search.Ī separate building at NRCID is dedicated to management of patients with TB. The second source is derived from the personal discussions held with leaders in public health and microbiology as well as infectious disease clinicians and faculty at NRCID, the National Medical University, and other hospitals in Ulaanbaatar. The annual cumulative data for each disease were summarized and published for the medical community and general public by the National Statistical Office ( Table).

These data were collected monthly throughout the country by healthcare personnel in all rural districts and provinces, as well as in Ulaanbaatar, and reported to the Ministry of Health and Social Welfare. The first represents the annual cumulative number of specific infectious diseases, which have a high public health impact in Mongolia. The data in the following sections of this report were derived from three sources. Patients are provided care regardless of their ability to pay, and full-time staff physicians receive government salaries.

As a government facility, NRCID is managed and maintained through government funds. Each building is free-standing and requires health providers to walk outside in order to go from building to building (an important point considering Ulaanbaatar’s severe and prolonged winters). It is situated on 7 acres of land in south Ulaanbaatar and consists of 23 brick buildings constructed in 1985 by the Soviet Union. NRCID serves as the major university hospital and referral center for tuberculosis (TB) and chronic infectious diseases in Mongolia. In addition, he was able to attend hospital ward rounds and conduct patient examinations at NRCID, the Central Hospital of Oncology, First Clinical Hospital, and Third Clinical Hospital in Ulaanbaatar and to review the laboratory facilities in those hospitals. This report results from two onsite visits by one of the authors (JRE) in September 1999 and May 2001 which allowed for extensive discussions with infectious diseases physicians of the National Research Center for Infectious Diseases (NRCID) and the National Medical University of Mongolia. Financial difficulties remain a major challenge as the country seeks to develop economic self-sufficiency and deliver modern health care to its people ( 1).

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Since that time, its economy has been changing from a centrally planned socialist system to a free market economy with healthcare delivery reflecting that transition ( 1, 2, 4– 6).Īlthough progress is being made, Mongolia continues to struggle with poor transportation and communication and limited material (including laboratory) facilities. Major political and healthcare changes began in 1990, when Mongolia ceased to be under Soviet control and stopped receiving developmental aid as one of the Eastern block satellites ( 2). As of 1997, Mongolia had 25 physicians and 78 hospital beds per 10,000 population, one of the highest ratios in Asia ( 1– 3). The country is divided into 21 administrative provinces called aimags with medical care delivered in each province through a three-tiered system referral to any of the university joint hospitals in Ulaanbaatar is possible. Twenty-seven percent of the country’s total population lives in the capital city, Ulaanbaatar. Again please DO NOT add any leaders.Mongolia, situated in Central Asia between Russia and China, has a population of 2.5 million people and an average population density of 1.5 persons per sq.

Table is being redone to make it sortable. Please do not add anymore leaders to this page. If you can, email me with a screenshot of any missing leaders. Adding Infected Leaders to marches will boost certain aspects, be it resource gathering, march slots, combat, or Defenses.